Some specifications taken from an old manual from my training days at School of Artillery: "Weapons and Equipment, East European and Communist Armies, Volume II":
37mm AND 57mm AUTOMATIC ANTIAIRCRAFT GUNS
37mm automatic antiaircraft gun M1939 37mm automatic antiaircraft gun M1939 (twin) 57mm automatic antiaircraft gun S-60 57mm automatic antiaircraft gun (Czechoslovak model)
The Soviet recoil-operated 37mm antiaircraft guns are based on a Bofors design and closely resemble the 40mm guns used in both the British and United States forces during World War II. Although the single mount is the most common version, a twin mount was produced and has been exported to Algeria. The Soviet Navy also employs a twin water-cooled version closely reselling the multi-mount United States 40mm guns used in World War II. The Soviet 37mm guns have hydraulic recoil buffers and spring recunerators. The breechblocks are of the rising block type. The field mobile weapon may be equipped with a shield. There is no provision for radar fire control.
The 57mm S-60 gun is a recoil-operated weapon which has replaced the earlier 37mm models in most Warsaw Pact units. It is a powerful weapon, well suited to attack armored vehicles as well as low-flying aircraft. In addition to on-carriage optical fire control, the S-60 also employs off-carriage fire control with the PUAZO-6/60 director and the SON-9 or SON-9A radars. Originally the PUAZO-5 director and SON-4 radar were used. Further improved director/radar combinations have also become available in recent years.
Recognition features of the S-60 are the long, thin tube with multi-perforated nuzzle brake, distinctive gun shield which folds down and the horizontal feed tray which holds the four-round clips. The normal Soviet prime mover is the Ural-375 truck. A twin version, the S-68, is mounted on the self-propelled ZSU-57-2, and twin and quad versions are used by tie Soviet Navy. It should be noted that the ammunition for the 57mm antiaircraft guns is not interchangeable with that used by the 57mm antitank and assault guns. This is due to the different configuration and dimensions of the cartridge cases.
Both the 37mm gun M1939 and 57mm' gun S-60 are used in Communist China where they are known as the Type 55 and Type 59 respectively.
In addition to these weapons, a distinctive 57mm automatic gun was produced in Czechoslovakia and is still used in some units in that country. It can be distinguished by the absence of a muzzle brake, the distinctive shield and the placing of the recoil system both above and below the tube.
37mm AND 57mm AUTOMATIC ANTI-AIRCRAFT GUNS |
M1939 |
S-60 |
Czech |
|
|
|
|
|
Caliber |
mm |
37 |
57 |
57 |
Length of tube in cals |
|
66.7 |
71 |
|
Length of tube overall |
mm |
2729 |
4390 |
4000 |
Weight in firing position |
kg |
2100* |
4500 |
5150 |
Weiqht in travel position |
kg |
2100* |
4600 |
|
Length in travel position |
mm |
6036 |
8500 |
5500 |
Width in travel position |
mm |
1937* |
2054 |
|
Height in travel position |
mm |
2105* |
2370 |
2000 |
Track |
mm |
1545 |
1935 |
|
Clearance |
mm |
360 |
380 |
|
Tire size |
|
6.50x20 |
34x7 |
|
Height of axis of bore 0° |
mm |
1100 |
1300 |
|
Elevation |
° |
+85 |
+85 |
+87 |
Depression |
° |
-5 |
-4 |
-5 |
Traverse |
° |
360 |
360 |
360 |
Rate of fire per tube: |
|
|
|
|
cyclic |
rpm |
160-180 |
105-120 |
80-90 |
practical |
rpm |
80 |
70 |
|
Feed |
|
5-rd clip |
4-rd clip |
3-rd clip |
Projectile weight: HE |
kg |
0.73 |
2.8 |
2.58 |
APHE |
kg |
0.76 |
3.1 |
3.1 |
HVAP |
kg |
0.62 |
--- |
--- |
Muzzle velocity: HE |
m.s |
880 |
1000 |
1005 |
APHE |
m.s |
880 |
1000 |
1005 |
HVAP |
m.s |
960 |
--- |
--- |
Maxi muni-range: horizontal |
m |
9500 |
12000 |
12000 |
vertical |
m |
6700 |
8800 |
8800 |
Effective AA range |
|
|
|
|
Off-carriage control |
m |
--- |
6000 |
6000 |
On-carriage control |
m |
3000 |
4000 |
4000 |
Pointblank range: APHE |
|
|
1100 |
1100 |
2m high target HVAP |
|
|
--- |
--- |
Armor penetration: APHE' |
mm |
46 |
106 |
106 |
0°/500nm HVAP |
mm |
|
--- |
--- |
Crew |
|
8 |
7 |
7 |
Unit of fire |
rds |
200 |
200 |
200 |
|
|
|
|
|
*without shield, shield weighs 100 kg |
|
|
|
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