Soviet weaponry had been supplied to the MPLA since the early 1960s. This included carbines, machine guns, mortars, mines, hand grenades and 122mm rockets. From October 1974 this supply increased sharply and included a larger selection as well as much more refined weaponry, most of which the opposing parties could not source at this stage.

This material was supplied either by plane to the Maya-Maya airport at Brazzaville, or by ship to the port of Pointe Noire from where it was delivered to the MPLA by ship or by plane. Weaponry was also supplied via Dar Es Salaam.

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